Sabunta Tsaron Kayan Wasan Turai na 2026: Dokokin Tsanani don Turare Masu Rage Alerji, BPA, BIT da Phenol
A ranar 11 ga Agusta, 2026, WTO ta fitar da sanarwar G/TBT/A'a/EU/1231Tarayyar Turai tana shirin gyara Annex II zuwa ga Dokar Tsaron Kayan Wasan Yara ta 2009/48/EC, tare da sabunta buƙatun sarrafawa don sinadarai guda huɗu masu haɗari: ƙamshi mai haifar da allergies, Bisphenol A (BPA), BIT preservative da phenol. Wannan gyaran yana ƙara matse iyakokin aminci ga kayan wasan yara sosai.
Waɗannan sabbin ƙa'idoji sun shafi kayayyakin da China ta ƙera da aka fitar zuwa EU kai tsaye, ciki har da kayan wasan filastik, fenti na fasaha, slime, Kayan Wasan Hakora ga jarirai da sauran nau'ikan samfura da yawa. Masu kera kayan wasan yara, masu sana'ar cinikin ƙasashen waje da kuma dakunan gwaje-gwaje suna buƙatar sanin waɗannan canje-canjen ƙa'idoji don guje wa riƙe kaya, dawo da kaya da haɗarin shiga kasuwa.
Sabuntawa Kan Turare Masu Rage Kamshi: An Haramta BMHCA A Hukumance A Cikin Kayan Wasan Yara
Wannan umarnin ya sake duba jerin ƙamshi masu haifar da alerji da aka haramta. Babban sinadarin shine 2‑(4‑tert‑butylbenzyl)propionaldehyde (BMHCA, CAS No.80‑54‑6)Yana da ƙarfi wajen rage radadin fata tare da gubar haihuwa wanda zai iya cutar da ci gaban tayi. An riga an haramta shi a kayan kwalliya, yanzu za a haramta wannan sinadari a cikin kayan wasan yara.
Sauye-sauyen ƙa'idoji sune kamar haka:
- Ƙara wannan shigarwar zuwa sakin layi na farko na Ma'ana ta 11 ta Annex II zuwa ga Umarnin (jerin "Abubuwan da ke ƙarƙashin takamaiman ƙimar iyaka");
| A'a. | Sunan Ƙamshi Mai Rage Alerji | Lambar CAS |
|---|---|---|
| (59) | 2‑(4‑tert‑butylbenzyl)propionaldehyde | 80‑54‑6 |
- Cire tsohon shigarwar lamba 7 don abu ɗaya don haɗa jerin da kuma kawar da nassoshi masu karo da juna na ƙa'idoji.
| A'a. | Sunan Ƙamshi Mai Rage Alerji | Lambar CAS |
|---|---|---|
| (7) | 2‑(4‑tert‑butylbenzyl)propionaldehyde | 80‑54‑6 |
A zahiri, dole ne a cire BMHCA daga kayan da aka yi amfani da su, manna launi da kuma sinadaran ƙamshi na kayan wasan yara masu ƙamshi, kullu mai ƙamshi da kayan da aka shafa da ƙamshi. Gano wannan abu zai haifar da rashin bin ƙa'ida, tare da haɗarin faɗakar da RAPEX da kuma sake kira a kasuwar EU.
Iyakokin da aka Gyara don BPA, BIT da Phenol: Tsofaffin Sharuɗɗa da Sabbin Dokokin
Shafi na C ya sake duba ƙimar iyaka ga abubuwa uku masu haɗari da ake yawan ganowa. Abin lura shi ne, iyakar ƙaura ga bisphenol A ta ragu da 87.5%, wanda ke haifar da babban ƙalubalen bin ƙa'ida ga masana'antun. Duk da cewa ƙimar iyaka ga BIT da phenol ba su canza ba, ana daidaita kalmomin ƙa'idoji, yana nuni ga ƙa'idodin gwaji EN 71‑10:2005 da EN 71‑11:2005.
| Sinadarin abu | Lambar CAS | Bukatar da ke Akwai | Sabuwar Bukatar da aka Gabatar |
|---|---|---|---|
| Bisphenol A | 80‑05‑7 | Iyakar ƙaura: 0.04 mg/L, an gwada ta EN 71-10: 2005 da EN 71-11: 2005 | 0.005 mg/L (iyaka ta ƙaura) |
| 1,2‑Benzisothiazol‑3(2H)‑daya (BIT) | 2634‑33‑5 | Iyakar abun ciki: 5 mg/kg don kayan wasan yara masu amfani da ruwa, an gwada su bisa ga EN 71‑10:2005 da EN 71‑11:2005 | 5 mg/kg (iyakan abun ciki), ya shafi kayan wasan yara da aka yi da ruwa kawai |
| Fenol | 108‑95‑2 | Iyakar ƙaura 5 mg/L ga kayan polymer; iyakacin abun ciki 10 mg/kg lokacin amfani da shi azaman abin kiyayewa, an gwada shi bisa ga EN 71‑10:2005 da EN 71‑11:2005 | 5 mg/L (iyakan ƙaura) don kayan polymer; 10 mg/kg (iyakan abun ciki) don aikace-aikacen kiyayewa |
Haɗarin Lafiya na Sinadaran Huɗu
Bisphenol A (BPA) BPA sinadari ne da ke kawo cikas ga tsarin endocrine. Yana iya fitowa daga kayan wasan filastik idan yara suka tauna ko suka jiƙa su a ruwa. Shakar dogon lokaci na iya kawo cikas ga ci gaban hormones kuma yana lalata tsarin juyayi da haihuwa na jarirai. Tare da rage iyakar ƙaura daga 0.04 mg/L zuwa 0.005 mg/L, robobi da aka sake yin amfani da su da kayan PC masu ƙarancin inganci suna da yuwuwar wuce iyaka. Masu kera suna buƙatar canzawa zuwa kayan albarkatun ƙasa marasa ƙarancin BPA.
1,2‑Benzisothiazol‑3(2H)‑daya (BIT) BIT wani abu ne mai kiyayewa wanda ake amfani da shi sosai a cikin kayan wasan kwaikwayo na ruwa kamar su fenti, fenti da slime. Fatar da ta fallasa na iya haifar da mummunan fata, ja da kuma gyambon fata. Duk da cewa ƙimar iyaka ta kasance iri ɗaya, sabon rubutun ya bayyana cewa wannan iyaka ta shafi kayan wasan kwaikwayo na ruwa kawai. Ba za a ƙara BIT ga kayan wasan kwaikwayo na ruwa ba.
Fenol Phenol yana da ƙaiƙayi kuma mai guba, wanda aka fi samu a cikin kayan wasan filastik, manne da ƙari na kiyayewa. Shafar fata na iya haifar da ƙonewar mucous membrane, kuma shan sa na iya lalata ayyukan hanta da koda. Akwai hanyoyi guda biyu na sarrafawa masu layi ɗaya: iyakokin ƙaura don abubuwan polymer da iyakokin abun ciki don amfani da su don kiyayewa.
2‑(4‑tert‑butylbenzyl)propionaldehyde (BMHCA) BMHCA sinadari ne mai ƙamshi mai araha. Fata mai laushi ta yara tana iya fuskantar rashin lafiyan jiki da kuraje masu ɗorewa idan ta taɓa. Shaidun kimiyya sun tabbatar da gubar da ke tattare da ita ga haihuwa. Tarayyar Turai ta haramta amfani da ita a cikin kayan wasan yara.
Nasihu Kan Bin Ka'idoji ga Kamfanonin Kayan Wasan Yara Masu Jajircewa a Fitar da Kaya
Lokacin karɓar sharhi na WTO zai ƙare a ranar 10 Oktoba 2026Ana sa ran amincewa da wannan umarnin gyara a hukumance a kwata na huɗu na 2026, kuma za a ba da lokacin sauyawa don daidaita masana'antu.
Ana ba wa masana'antun shawara su ɗauki waɗannan matakan a gaba:
- Duba hanyoyin samar da kayayyaki: Nemi rahotannin gwaji masu inganci daga masu samar da kayayyaki don ƙwayoyin filastik, launuka masu tushen ruwa da abubuwan ƙamshi; cire BMHCA da kuma sarrafa ragowar BPA sosai.
- Ba da fifiko ga gwaje-gwaje ga abubuwan da ke da haɗari: Gudanar da gwaje-gwaje na musamman game da ƙaura da abubuwan da suka shafi abubuwan da ke ciki don kayan wasan motsa jiki da kayayyakin wasan kwaikwayo na ruwa.
- Sauya kayan aiki: A maye gurbin robobi masu yawan BPA da wasu hanyoyin rage fitar da ruwa kamar PP da PE. A gyara kayan wasan yara masu ƙamshi don cire sinadaran ƙamshi masu haifar da alerji.
- Bin ƙa'idojin aiki: A ajiye rahotannin dakin gwaje-gwaje na wasu kamfanoni a fayil ɗinsu don magance binciken kwastam na EU da sa ido kan kasuwa.
Tunani na Rufewa
Bukatun aminci ga sinadarai masu tsauri ga kayan wasan yara suna wakiltar wani yanayi na dogon lokaci a Tarayyar Turai, wanda ke mai da hankali kan masu kawo cikas ga endocrine da kuma masu saurin fahimtar fata. A matsayinta na babbar tattalin arzikin fitar da kayan wasan yara, masu samar da kayan wasan yara na kasar Sin suna fuskantar mummunan sakamako ga rashin bin ka'ida, gami da tsare kaya, lalata kayayyaki da kuma sanya su cikin jerin sunayen 'yan wasa na gargadin farko na EU. Gwajin bin ka'ida kafin a bi ka'ida da kuma inganta binciken kayan za su taimaka wa kamfanoni wajen rage haɗarin wuce gona da iri na sinadarai da kuma ci gaba da bin ka'idojin kasuwar EU.